Cell surface ATP receptors can be divided into 2 classes. The metabotropic class (P2Y/P2U) are members of the 7-transmembrane superfamily of G protein-coupled receptors, as P2RX7 (MIM.602566) or P2RY6 (MIM.602451).
The ionotropic class (P2RXs) are ligand-gated channels, as P2RX3 (MIM.600843). P2RZs receptors are ionotropic but also cause cell permeabilization.
Pathology
The immune-related gene encoding purinergic receptor P2X, ligand-gated ion channel, 7 (P2RX7) has been genetically associated with major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder. (17963976)
References
Harvey M, Belleau P, Barden N. Gene interactions in depression: pathways out of darkness. Trends Genet. 2007 Nov;23(11):547-56. PMID: 17963976
Gunosewoyo H, Coster MJ, Kassiou M. Molecular probes for P2X7 receptor studies.Curr Med Chem. 2007;14(14):1505-23. Review. PMID: 17584060
Garcia-Marcos M, Pochet S, Marino A, Dehaye JP. P2X7 and phospholipid signalling: the search of the "missing link" in epithelial cells.Cell Signal. 2006 Dec;18(12):2098-104. PMID: 16815675
Sperlágh B, Vizi ES, Wirkner K, Illes P.P2X7 receptors in the nervous system.Prog Neurobiol. 2006 Apr;78(6):327-46. PMID: 16697102
Anderson CM, Nedergaard M. Emerging challenges of assigning P2X7 receptor function and immunoreactivity in neurons. Trends Neurosci. 2006 May;29(5):257-62. PMID: 16564580
Ferrari D, Pizzirani C, Adinolfi E, Lemoli RM, Curti A, Idzko M, Panther E, Di Virgilio F. The P2X7 receptor: a key player in IL-1 processing and release. J Immunol. 2006 Apr 1;176(7):3877-83. PMID: 16547218