D2-40 is a monoclonal antibody recognizing a 40 000 kD O-linked sialoglycoprotein located in lymphatic endothelial cells. This oncofetal antigen is present in fetal germ cells.
Expression in normal cells
endothelium of lymphatic channels
Expression in tumors
lymphangiomas
kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE)
Kaposi sarcoma (KS)
benign tumors of lymphatic origin
- Hobnail hemangiomas (targetoid hemosiderotic hemangiomas) (THH) (15059220)
epithelioid malignant mesothelioma (86%) (15891998)
angiosarcoma (40%) (15891998)
Negative tumors
hemangiomas
glomus tumors
angiolipomas
pyogenic granuloma
vascular malformations
hemangiopericytoma
hemangioendothelioma
Pathology
D2-40 might be useful to detect missed hematoxylin-eosin emboli especially in cases without any other prognostically unfavorable criterion. (18820667)
See also
O-linked sialoglycoprotein
References
de Mascarel I, Macgrogan G, Debled M, Sierankowski G, Brouste V, Mathoulin-Pélissier S, Mauriac L. D2-40 in breast cancer: should we detect more vascular emboli? Mod Pathol. 2008 Sep 26. PMID: 18820667
Debelenko LV, Perez-Atayde AR, Mulliken JB, Liang MG, Archibald TH, Kozakewich HP. D2-40 immunohistochemical analysis of pediatric vascular tumors reveals positivity in kaposiform hemangioendothelioma. Mod Pathol. 2005 Nov;18(11):1454-60. PMID: 15920541
Roy S, Chu A, Trojanowski JQ, Zhang PJ. D2-40, a novel monoclonal antibody against the M2A antigen as a marker to distinguish hemangioblastomas from renal cell carcinomas. Acta Neuropathol (Berl). 2005 May;109(5):497-502. PMID: 15864611
Hornick JL, Fletcher CD. Intraabdominal cystic lymphangiomas obscured by marked superimposed reactive changes: clinicopathological analysis of a series. Hum Pathol. 2005 Apr;36(4):426-32. PMID: 15892005
Ordonez NG. D2-40 and podoplanin are highly specific and sensitive immunohistochemical markers of epithelioid malignant mesothelioma. Hum Pathol. 2005 Apr;36(4):372-80. PMID: 15891998
Fukunaga M. Expression of D2-40 in lymphatic endothelium of normal tissues and in vascular tumours. Histopathology. 2005 Apr;46(4):396-402. PMID: 15810951
Kahn HJ, Bailey D, Marks A. Monoclonal antibody D2-40, a new marker of lymphatic endothelium, reacts with Kaposi sarcoma and a subset of angiosarcomas. Mod Pathol. 2002 Apr;15(4):434-40. PMID: 11950918