Definition: Abnormal increase of resistance to blood flow within the hepatic portal system, frequently seen in liver cirrhosis and conditions with obstruction of thportal vein.
Etiology
cirrhosis
Cruveilhier-Baumgarten syndrome
hepatic arterioportal fistula
PKDs
- autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (hepatic ADPKD)
- autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (Hepatic ARPKD)
cardiac and vascular conditions
- hepatic vein thrombosis
autoimmune conditions
- primary sclerosing cholangitis
tumors
trauma, mechanical and physical conditions
- hepatic portal vein obstruction
- hepatic vein occlusion
- Schistosoma japonicum
- Schistosoma mansoni
Complications
haemorrhoids
hepatorenal syndrome
gastrointestinal bleeding
esophageal varices
pulmonary hypertension