tracheoesophageal fistula
MIM.189960
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Classification of congenital tracheoesophageal fistulas and esophageal atresia
esophageal atresia with distal TEF (87%)
isolated esophageal atresia without TEF (8%)
isolated TEF (4%)
esophageal atresia with proximal TEF (1%)
esophageal atresia with proximal and distal TEF (1%)
Associations
Approximately 17-70% of children with TEFs have associated developmental anomalies.
Down syndrome (trisomy 21)
VATER association (VACTERL association)
duodenal atresia
cardiovascular malformations
- ventricular septal defect (VSD)
- patent ductus arteriosus
- tetralogy of Fallot (ToF)
- atrial septal defect (ASD)
- right-sided aortic arch.
genitourinary malformations
- renal agenesis
- horseshoe kidney
- polycystic kidneys
- ureteral malformations
- urethral malformations
- hypospadias.
gastrointestinal malformations
- imperforate anus
- duodenal atresia
- intestinal malrotation
- intestinal malformation
- Meckel diverticulum
- annular pancreas
musculoskeletal malformations
- hemivertebrae
- radial agenesis
- amelia
- polydactyly
- syndactyly
- rib malformations
- scoliosis
- lower limb malformations
Case records
See also
esophageal atresia
References
Brunner HG, Bokhoven H. Genetic players in esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula. Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2005 Jun;15(3):341-7. PMID: #15917211