nodal signalling
The establishment of left-right asymmetry in mammals is a good example of how multiple cell biological processes coordinate in the formation of a basic body plan.
Nodla flow
The leftward movement of fluid at the ventral node, called nodal flow, is the central process in symmetry breaking on the left-right axis. Nodal flow is autonomously generated by the rotation of cilia that are tilted toward the posterior on cells of the ventral node. These cilia are built by transport via the KIF3 motor complex.
How nodal flow is interpreted to create left-right asymmetry has been a matter of debate.
Nodal vesicular parcels (NVPs)
The leftward movement of membrane-sheathed particles, called nodal vesicular parcels (NVPs), may result in the activation of the non-canonical Hedgehog signaling pathway, an asymmetric elevation in intracellular Ca(2+) and changes in gene expression.
See also
References
Tian T, Meng AM. Nodal signals pattern vertebrate embryos. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2006 Mar;63(6):672-85. PMID: 16465442
Hirokawa N, Tanaka Y, Okada Y, Takeda S. Nodal flow and the generation of left-right asymmetry. Cell. 2006 Apr 7;125(1):33-45. PMID: 16615888
Schier, A. F.; Shen, M. M. : Nodal signalling in vertebrate development. Nature 403: 385-389, 2000. PubMed ID : 10667782
Burdine, R. D.; Schier, A. F. : Conserved and divergent mechanisms in left-right axis formation. Genes Dev. 14: 763-776, 2000. PubMed ID : 10766733