The Staphylococcus aureus Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) is a pore-forming toxin secreted by strains epidemiologically associated with the current outbreak of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) and with the often-lethal necrotizing pneumonia.
Pathology
severe cutaneous infections
- furonculosis (15116291)
- necrotic furoncles
- deep-seated follicular infection (15668860)
- widespread cutaneous infection (15131173)
severe soft-tissue infections (15131173)
- necrotizing cellulitis
- necrotizing fasciitis (15814880)
Staphylococcus aureus severe pulmonary infections (17234914, 17366043, 16421487, 15378445, 12814021, 11888586)
- highly lethal severe pneumonia
- fatal necrotizing pneumonia
- fatal hemorrhagic pneumonia
bone and joint staphylococcal infections
- staphylococcal osteomyelitis
- staphylococcal osteoarthritis
- staphylococcal arthritis
Staphylococcus aureus systemic infections
- fulminant Staphylococcus aureus infections (PVL Syndrome) (17040363, 15907553)
- purpura fulminans (15824983)
severe Staphylococcus aureus infections
- mycotic aneurysm (16933824)
- purulent pericarditis (16933824)
- community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA)
- USA300 community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
- bacterial endocarditis after furunculosis (16857620)
- urinary tract infections
References
Hyvernat H, Pulcini C, Carles D, Roques A, Lucas P, Hofman V, Hofman P, Bernardin G. Fatal Staphylococcus aureus haemorrhagic pneumonia producing Panton-Valentine leucocidin. Scand J Infect Dis. 2007;39(2):183-5. PMID: 17366043
Labandeira-Rey M, Couzon F, Boisset S, Brown EL, Bes M, Benito Y, Barbu EM, Vazquez V, Hook M, Etienne J, Vandenesch F, Bowden MG. Staphylococcus aureus Panton-Valentine leukocidin causes necrotizing pneumonia. Science. 2007 Feb 23;315(5815):1130-3. PMID: 17234914
Gillet Y, Issartel B, Vanhems P, Fournet JC, Lina G, Bes M, Vandenesch F, Piemont Y, Brousse N, Floret D, Etienne J. Association between Staphylococcus aureus strains carrying gene for Panton-Valentine leukocidin and highly lethal necrotising pneumonia in young immunocompetent patients. Lancet. 2002 Mar 2;359(9308):753-9. PMID: 11888586
Gillet Y, Issartel B, Vanhems P, Lina G, Vandenesch F, Etienne J, Floret D. [Severe staphylococcal pneumonia in children] Arch Pediatr. 2001 Sep;8 Suppl 4:742s-746s. PMID: 11582921 (In french)
Lina G, Piemont Y, Godail-Gamot F, Bes M, Peter MO, Gauduchon V, Vandenesch F, Etienne J. Involvement of Panton-Valentine leukocidin-producing Staphylococcus aureus in primary skin infections and pneumonia. Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Nov;29(5):1128-32. PMID: 10524952
Finck-Barbancon V, Duportail G, Meunier O, Colin DA. Pore formation by a two-component leukocidin from Staphylococcus aureus within the membrane of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1993 Oct 20;1182(3):275-82. PMID: 8399361
Cribier B, Prevost G, Couppie P, Finck-Barbancon V, Grosshans E, Piemont Y. Staphylococcus aureus leukocidin: a new virulence factor in cutaneous infections? An epidemiological and experimental study. Dermatology. 1992;185(3):175-80. PMID: 1446082