MMPs
Increased expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) is associated with nearly every tumor type. Although many studies have shown that MMPs can promote malignancy, recent evidence has revealed that MMPs can play a causative role also in the earliest stages of cancer development.
MMPs not only compromise cell-cell and cell-substratum adhesion processes that impact genomic surveillance mechanisms but also act directly on molecules at the cell surface to stimulate physiological processes that cause genetic alterations.
Members
| MMP1 | MMP2 | MMP3 | MMP4 | MMP5 | MMP6 | MMP7 | MMP8 | MMP9 | MMP10 |
| MMP11 | MMP12 | MMP13 | MMP14 | MMP15 | MMP16 | MMP17 | MMP18 | MMP19 | MMP20 |
| MMP21 | MMP22 | MMP23 | MMP24 | MMP25 | MMP26 | MMP27 | MMP28 |
Pathology
MMP3 (MIM.185250) variants in coronary heart disease susceptibility
MMPs in cancer and metastasis
MMPs in HIV infection
- Imbalance between matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and endogenous tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs) might contribute to HIV-associated pathology by inducing remodelling of the extracellular matrix. (18029231)
- Antiretroviral drugs, particularly HIV protease inhibitors (PIs), and compounds with anti-inflammatory properties, such as statins, natural omega-3 fatty acids and tetracyclines, which inhibit MMP function, might represent useful therapeutic approaches to mitigate potential MMP-related damage during HIV infection. (18029231)
References
Mastroianni CM, Liuzzi GM. Matrix metalloproteinase dysregulation in HIV infection: implications for therapeutic strategies. Trends Mol Med. 2007 Oct 26; PMID: 18029231
Page-McCaw A, Ewald AJ, Werb Z. Matrix metalloproteinases and the regulation of tissue remodelling. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2007 Mar;8(3):221-33. PMID: 17318226
Radisky DC, Bissell MJ. Matrix metalloproteinase-induced genomic instability. Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2006 Feb;16(1):45-50. PMID: 16377172
Ortega N, Behonick DJ, Werb Z. Matrix remodeling during endochondral ossification. Trends Cell Biol. 2004 Feb;14(2):86-93. PMID: 15102440
Stamenkovic I. Extracellular matrix remodelling: the role of matrix metalloproteinases. J Pathol. 2003 Jul;200(4):448-64. PMID: 12845612
Overall CM, Lopez-Otin C. Strategies for MMP inhibition in cancer: innovations for the post-trial era. Nat Rev Cancer. 2002 Sep;2(9):657-72. PMID: 12209155
Rhee JS, Coussens LM. RECKing MMP function: implications for cancer development. Trends Cell Biol. 2002 May;12(5):209-11. PMID: 12062160
Chang C, Werb Z. The many faces of metalloproteases: cell growth, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis. Trends Cell Biol. 2001 Nov;11(11):S37-43. PMID: 11684441