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Lesch-Nyhan disease

MIM.300322 Xq26-q27.2

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, HGPRT deficiency

Lesch-Nyhan disease is caused by mutation in the gene encoding hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) (MIM.308000).

X-linked recessive

Synopsis

- short stature
- growth retardation
- vomiting
- testicular atrophy
- nephrolithiasis
- gout
- uric acid tophi
- motor delay
- hypotonia
- self-injurious behavior, median onset age 2 years
- extrapyramidal signs
- choreoathetosis
- dystonia
- basal ganglia dysfunction
- spasticity, hyperreflexia
- opisthotonus
- dysarthria
- dysphagia
- mental retardation (IQ 45-75)
- delayed neurological development
- self-mutilation
- anemia
- megaloblastic anemia
- hyperuricemia
- hyperuricosuria

Neonatal Lesch-Nyhan disease

- acute renal failure
- swollen, hot, red joints
- tophi
- transient neonatal hypothyroidism (8156315)

See also

- uric acid (urate)