Human pathology

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pulmonary emphysema

Types

- proximal acinar emphysema (centrilobular emphysema or centriacinar emphysema)

- panacinar emphysema (panlobular emphysema)

  • alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency (alpha1AT deficiency)

- distal acinar emphysema
- irregular emphysema
- localized giant bullous emphysema

Etiology

- alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency
- toxic agents and drugs

  • cigarette smoking
  • IV drug abuse
  • ritalin
  • cadmium

- constitutional connective tissue disorders

  • Marfan syndrome
  • Salla disease
  • congenital cutis laxa

See also

- simple airspace enlargement (nonemphysematous airspace enlargement)

  • congenital lobar emphysema

Video

- Pulmonary emphysema by Washington Deceit

- Physiopathology of the pulmonary emphysema