The spindle checkpoint arrests cell cycle at M phase until all chromosomes are aligned on spindle. This checkpoint is very important for equal distribution of chromosomes.
The spindle assembly checkpoint is a cellular surveillance mechanism that functions to ensure faithful chromosome segregation during mitosis. Failure of this checkpoint can result in aneuploidy, a state of having abnormal numbers of chromosomes.
Most human cancers consist of aneuploid cells, but it is unclear if the aneuploidy is a cause or a consequence of tumorigenesis.
Over recent years, mouse models for spindle assembly checkpoint failure have been generated to investigate the biological relevance of the different spindle assembly checkpoint genes and the pathologies associated with chromosome number instability.
Most of these models exhibit susceptibility to carcinogenesis. Moreover, one model has led to the identification of the spindle checkpoint protein BubR1 as a regulator of the normal aging process.
See also
References
Baker DJ, Chen J, van Deursen JM. The mitotic checkpoint in cancer and aging: what have mice taught us? Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2005 Dec;17(6):583-9. PMID: 16226453
Kops GJ, Weaver BA, Cleveland DW. On the road to cancer: aneuploidy and the mitotic checkpoint. Nat Rev Cancer. 2005 Oct;5(10):773-85. PMID: 16195750