Dendritic cells
T, NK, and gammadelta T cell stimuli may enhance DC maturation, Th polarization and trigger the adaptive immune response. Regulatory effects of gammadelta T cells on inflammation and immune responses may be mediated by their interaction with DCs and they are analyzed in the last years in humans and mice.
In humans, Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cells represent the most part of circulating gammadelta T cells and are activated by non-peptidic molecules derived from different microorganisms or abnormal metabolic routes.
They share both NK-like and effector/memory T cell features, and among these the possibility to interact with DCs. Co-culture of immature DCs with activated Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cells allows DCs to acquire features of mature DCs complementing the migratory activity, up-regulating the chemokine receptors, and antigen presentation.
Similarly to the NK-derived signals, DC activation is mostly mediated by soluble factors secreted by gammadelta T cells.
Many non-peptidic molecules including nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates and pyrophosphomonoester drugs stimulate the activity of Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cells in vitro and in vivo.
The relatively low in vivo toxicity of many of these drugs makes possible novel vaccine and immune-based strategies, through DCs, for infectious and neoplastic diseases.
References
Martino A, Poccia F. gammadelta T cells and dendritic cells: close partners and biological adjuvants for new therapies. Curr Mol Med. 2007 Nov;7(7):658-73. PMID: 18045144
Vega F, Medeiros LJ, Gaulard P. Hepatosplenic and other gammadelta T-cell lymphomas.Am J Clin Pathol. 2007 Jun;127(6):869-80. PMID: 17509984
Belhadj K, Reyes F, Farcet JP, Tilly H, Bastard C, Angonin R, Deconinck E, Charlotte F, Leblond V, Labouyrie E, Lederlin P, Emile JF, Delmas-Marsalet B, Arnulf B, Zafrani ES, Gaulard P.Hepatosplenic gammadelta T-cell lymphoma is a rare clinicopathologic entity with poor outcome: report on a series of 21 patients.Blood. 2003 Dec 15;102(13):4261-9. PMID: 12907441
Gaulard P, Belhadj K, Reyes F.Gammadelta T-cell lymphomas.Semin Hematol. 2003 Jul;40(3):233-43. PMID: 12876672