Population genetics

• slave trade
  28 September 2005

  Types
  Sub-Saharan African arabic slave trade
  Atlantic slave trade
  Viking slave trade

• Human Genome Diversity Project
  28 September 2005

  References
  Cavalli-Sforza LL. The Human Genome Diversity Project: past, present and future. Nat Rev Genet. 2005 Apr;6(4):333-40. PMID: #15803201#

• eugenism
  28 September 2005

  eugenics, eugénisme

• beta-globin studies
  28 September 2005

  In 1949, Linus Pauling et al. introduced electrophoresis to separate different mutants of hemoglobin, a technique that was rapidly adapted to analyze variation in other blood proteins.
  References
  Harding RM, Fullerton SM, Griffiths RC, Bond J, Cox MJ, Schneider JA, Moulin DS, Clegg JB. Archaic African and Asian lineages in the genetic ancestry of modern humans. Am J Hum Genet. 1997 Apr;60(4):772-89. PMID: (...)

• skeleton studies
  28 September 2005

  References
  Keyser-Tracqui C, Crubezy E, Ludes B. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA analysis of a 2,000-year-old necropolis in the Egyin Gol Valley of Mongolia. Am J Hum Genet. 2003 Aug;73(2):247-60. PMID: #12858290#
  Endicott P, Gilbert MT, Stringer C, Lalueza-Fox C, Willerslev E, Hansen AJ, Cooper A. The genetic origins of the Andaman Islanders. Am J Hum Genet. 2003 Jan;72(1):178-84. PMID: #12478481#
  Oota H, Saitou N, Matsushita T, Ueda S. Molecular genetic analysis of remains of a (...)

• Victorian anthropological collections
  28 September 2005

  Victorian anthropological collections have been used to study extinct, or seriously admixed populations, to provide new data about early human origins.
  References
  Endicott P, Gilbert MT, Stringer C, Lalueza-Fox C, Willerslev E, Hansen AJ, Cooper A. The genetic origins of the Andaman Islanders. Am J Hum Genet. 2003 Jan;72(1):178-84. PMID: #12478481#

• human history
  28 September 2005

  The history of population differentiations using genetic data was initially inferred from phylogenetic trees and from multivariate statistical methods such as principal components (of which multidimensional scaling is a derivative) that use allele frequencies.
  Population trees are especially useful for reconstructing history if population differences can be assumed to result from fissions that occur randomly in time, with a constant rate of neutral evolution in each population between (...)

• archeogenetics
  28 September 2005

  References
  Keyser-Tracqui C, Crubezy E, Ludes B. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA analysis of a 2,000-year-old necropolis in the Egyin Gol Valley of Mongolia. Am J Hum Genet. 2003 Aug;73(2):247-60. PMID: #12858290#
  Oota H, Saitou N, Matsushita T, Ueda S. Molecular genetic analysis of remains of a 2,000-year-old human population in China-and its relevance for the origin of the modern Japanese population. Am J Hum Genet. 1999 Jan;64(1):250-8. PMID: (...)

• necropolis
  28 September 2005

  References
  Keyser-Tracqui C, Crubezy E, Ludes B. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA analysis of a 2,000-year-old necropolis in the Egyin Gol Valley of Mongolia. Am J Hum Genet. 2003 Aug;73(2):247-60. PMID: #12858290#
  Oota H, Saitou N, Matsushita T, Ueda S. Molecular genetic analysis of remains of a 2,000-year-old human population in China-and its relevance for the origin of the modern Japanese population. Am J Hum Genet. 1999 Jan;64(1):250-8. PMID: (...)

• Out-of-Africa hypothesis
  28 September 2005

  Archeological evidence is generally considered to support the initial spread of humans within Africa from an East African origin during the first half of the last 100 000 years and the spread from the same origin to all the world in the last 50-60 000 years (50-60 kya).
  Analyses of numerous classical markers under this assumption have estimated the dates of first occupation by anatomically modern humans of Asia, Europe and Oceania at 60−40 kya, in agreement with archeological and fossil (...)

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