Environmental and occupational diseases

• furanocoumarin
  8 September 2014

  furanocoumarins WP
  The furanocoumarins, or furocoumarins, are a class of organic chemical compounds produced by a variety of plants. They are biosynthesized partly through the phenylpropanoid pathway and the mevalonate pathway, which is biosynthesized by a coupling of dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (DMAPP) and 7-hydroxycoumarin (umbelliferone).

• bergamot orange
  8 September 2014

  WP
  Bergamot is also a source of bergamottin which, along with the chemically related compound 6’,7’-dihydroxybergamottin, is believed to be responsible for the grapefruit juice effect in which the consumption of the juice affects the metabolism of a variety of pharmaceutical drugs.
  In the past, psoralen extracted from bergamot oil has been used in tanning accelerators and sunscreens. These substances were known to be photocarcinogenic since 1959,[21] but they were only banned from (...)

• psoralen
  8 September 2014

  WP
  Psoralen (also called psoralene) is the parent compound in a family of natural products known as furocoumarins. It is structurally related to coumarin by the addition of a fused furan ring, and may be considered as a derivative of umbelliferone.
  Psoralen occurs naturally in the seeds of Psoralea corylifolia, as well as in the common fig, celery, parsley and West Indian satinwood.
  It is widely used in PUVA (= psoralen + UVA) treatment for psoriasis, eczema, vitiligo, and cutaneous (...)

• photoaging
  8 September 2014

  UV and aging; photoageing
  Two types of skin aging have been identified: intrinsic, mainly genetically determined and extrinsic-also called "photo-aging"-resulting on the impact of environmental stress and more precisely of UV rays.
  Simplified in vitro models, based on cellular senescence, have been developed to study the relationship between UV and aging. These models vary on the cell type (fibroblasts or keratinocytes, normal or immortalized) and the type of UV used (UVA or UVB). (...)

• asbestosis
  31 August 2013

  Images
  Asbestosis - extensive fibrosis of pleura and lung parenchyma.
  Asbestosis - fibrous pleural plaque.
  Asbestosis - pleural fibrosis & calcification.
  Asbestosis - asbestos bodies / ferruginous bodies
  Asbestosis - asbestos body / ferruginous body
  Asbestosis and non-small cell lung carcinoma, NOS.
  ferruginous body in the lung
  https://twitter.com/smlungpathguy/status/831390420756201472
  Epidemiology
  Despite bans on the importation and use of asbestos in many (...)

• cannabis
  23 March 2009

  The mechanism of action of cannabis
  The active ingredient of cannabis is ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (∆9-THC) and it is thought to exert its effect by binding to cannabinoid CB1 receptors on pre-synaptic nerve terminals in the brain.
  ∆9-THC binding to CB1 receptors activates G-proteins that activate/inhibit a number of signal transduction pathways.
  The G-proteins directly inhibit N and P/Q-type voltage dependant calcium channels and sodium channels and indirectly inhibit A-type calcium channels (...)

• decompression disease
  23 March 2009

  Decompression disease is encountered in deep-sea divers and underwater workers who spend long periods in caissons or tunnels, under increased atmospheric pressure. The injury, encountered with too rapid decompression, is a function of Henry’s law, which in essence states that the solubility of a gas in a liquid (e.g., blood) is proportional to the partial pressure of that gas in the environment.
  As the underwater depth and consequent atmospheric pressure increase, increasing amounts of (...)

• changes in atmospheric pressure
  23 March 2009

  Injuries Related to Changes in Atmospheric Pressure

• electrical injuries
  23 March 2009

  The passage of an electric current through the body may be without effect; may cause sudden death by disruption of neural regulatory impulses, producing, for example, cardiac arrest; or may cause thermal injury to organs interposed in the pathway of the current. Many variables are involved, but most important are the resistance of the tissues to the conductance of the electric current and the intensity of the current. The greater the resistance of tissues, the greater the heat generated. (...)

• incision
  23 March 2009

  An incision is made by a sharp cutting object, such as a knife (scalpel) or a piece of glass. The margins of the incision are usually relatively clean, and there are no bridging strands of tissue.
  The incision, in contrast with the laceration, can usually be neatly approximated by sutures, leaving little or no scar. Deep tissues and organs may sustain lacerations from an external blow with or without apparent superficial injury. For example, when the unrestrained body impacts on the (...)

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