Mediastinum

• mediastinal neuroendocrine tumor
  26 October 2022

  Primary Mediastinal Neuroendocrine Tumor
  Definition : Primary mediastinal neuroendocrine tumor (PMNET) is an extremely rare clinical entity and few cases have been described in the literature.
  Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are epithelial neoplasms with predominant neuroendocrine differentiation that arise in most organs of the body including the lung, thymus, gastrointestinal tract (GI), and ovary.
  The lung is, following the GI tract, the second most common site for NETs, accounting for (...)

• mediastinal anomalies
  25 October 2022

  Types
  non-neoplastic anomalies : mediastinitis sclerosing mediastinitis myasthenia gravis thymic hyperplasia
  cystic lesions : bronchogenic cyst enteric cyst ( esophageal cyst ) duplication cyst lymphangioma meningocele-cystic Müllerian cyst ( Hattori cyst ) pancreatic pseudocyst pericardial cyst seminoma cystic teratoma cystic thymic cyst
  mediastinal tumors
  thymic tumors : Thymoma :thymoma , cystic thymoma , ectopic hamartomatous thymoma , ectopic thymoma , thymolipoma thymic (...)

• mediastinal masses
  25 October 2022

  Etiology
  mediastinal cystic malformations enteric cyst pericardial cyst bronchogenic cyst
  mediastinal tumors
  Open references
  https://www.msdmanuals.com/professional/pulmonary-disorders/mediastinal-and-pleural-disorders/mediastinal-masses

• mediastinal soft tissue tumors
  11 November 2020

  See also
  mediastinal tumors
  soft tissue tumors

• mediastinal synovial sarcoma
  26 March 2018

  Definition: Synovial sarcoma (SS) is a translocation-associated sarcoma characterized by SS18-SSX1/2 fusion. It presents most often in the extremities of young adults. While SS regularly occurs in the pleuropulmonary parenchyma, the mediastinum is an exceedingly rare primary site.
  Mediastinal SS is a rare and aggressive malignancy most common in patients younger than 50 years. Most are monophasic and reach large size before detection. Poorly differentiated morphology is common.
  SS should (...)

• mediastinal low-grade extraskeletal osteosarcoma
  19 March 2018

  Low-grade extraskeletal osteosarcoma of the mediastinum; mediastinal LGESOS
  Definition: Extraskeletal osteosarcoma (ESOS) is a rare soft tissue sarcoma, typically characterized by a bone-producing neoplasm. Low-grade extraskeletal osteosarcoma (LGESOS) is an extremely rare soft tissue tumor, and patients with LGESOS tend to have a better prognosis.
  Open references
  Low-grade extraskeletal osteosarcoma of the mediastinum: report of a case and review of literature. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. (...)

• mediastinal pericytic tumors
  18 March 2018

  mediastinal perivascular tumors
  Less than ten cases of glomus tumour, including a single malignant variant, have been described in the mediastinum until 2015. All cases were located in the posterior or superior compartments of the mediastinum in young or middle-aged females. The single malignant case, which resulted in this patient’s death, occurred in a 74-year-old female.
  Pain and dyspnea or cough were presenting symptoms. All benign cases were successfully treated by surgery without (...)

• mediastinal leiomyosarcoma
  18 March 2018

  Definition: Mediastinal leiomyosarcoma is a very rare tumour with less than 40 cases until 2015.
  Mediastinal leiomyosarcoma occurs in adult patients (26–88 years) of either sex.
  A disproportionate number of cases arise in the posterior mediastinum, where tumours are often clinically asymptomatic.
  Resected tumours measured up to 18 cm, often without clear relationship to neighbouring anatomic structures. In some cases, an origin from major vessels seemed likely, whilst in others, major (...)

• mediastinal leiomyoma
  18 March 2018

  Definition: A mediastinal leiomyoma is a leiomyoma arising in the mediastinum.
  To qualify as a primary mediastinal leiomyoma, tumours should arise from the somatic soft tissue of the mediastinum, whilst esophageal and large vessel primaries should be excluded.
  If these criteria are applied, primary mediastinal leiomyoma is very rare with approximately 20 reported cases in the literature in 2015.
  Mediastinal leiomyoma is twice as common in females as in males and is mainly seen in the (...)

• mediastinal mesenchymal tumors
  18 March 2018

  Definition: Mediastinal mesenchymal tumors are mesenchymal tumors arising in the mediastinum.
  Examples
  mediastinal smooth muscle tumors
  Open references
  Mesenchymal tumours of the mediastinum—part I
  Michael A. den Bakker, Alexander Marx, Kiyoshi Mukai, Philipp Ströbel
  Virchows Arch. 2015; 467: 487–500. Published online 2015 Sep 10. doi:10.1007/s00428-015-1830-8.
  PMCID: PMC4656709
  Mesenchymal tumours of the mediastinum—part II
  Michael A. den Bakker, Alexander Marx, Kiyoshi Mukai, (...)

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