The IMAD or ’hyper-IgG4 disease’ is a chronic inflammatory disease, characterized histologically by a lymphoplasmacytic inflammation with IgG4-positive cells and exuberant fibrosis, which leaves dense fibrosis on resolution.
Multifocal systemic fibrosclerosis (MSF) is a multisystem disease, which often mimics malignancy.
A typical example is idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis, but the initial report in 2001 was of sclerosing pancreatitis.
Synopsis
idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis
sclerosing pancreatitis
inflammatory pseudotumor of the breast (15644785)
Synopsis
multisystemic fibrosis
- sclerosing cholangitis
- sclerosing cholecystitis
- retroperitoneal fibrosis (16426926, 16938531)
- mediastinal fibrosis (16426926, 16938531)
- mesenteric fibrosis
- pelvic fibrosis
- Riedel thyroiditis
- fibrotic pseudotumor of the orbit
- fibrosis of the salivary glands
- sclerosing pancreatitis (autoimmune pancreatitis) (AIP)
- sclerosing dacryoadenitis
IgG4 immune-complex tubulointerstitial nephritis (17895762)
membranous glomerulopathy
autoimmune hypophysitis (17954209)
- panhypopituitarism
- central diabetes insipidus
Mikulicz disease
constrictive pericarditis (17727980)
prostatitis
interstitial pneumonia
pulmonary vasculitis (17539856)
lymphadenopathy with increased IgG4+ plasma cells
inflammatory pseudotumors (17895762)
- pulmonary inflammatory pseudotumor (16084938)
- cervical epidural pseudotumor (10879775)
- suprasellar pseudotumor (17954209)
- bilateral diffuse retrobulbar pseudotumor (8512488)
pachymeningitis and intracranial fibrosis (14606716)
IgG4 periaortitis (18223321)
- inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurysm (18223321)
Microscopical synopsis
intense inflammatory cell infiltration with lymphocytes, plasma cells, scattered neutrophils
eosinophilic aggregates
venulitis
obliterative arteritis
majority of lymphocytes were T cells that expressed CD8 and CD4, with scattered B-cell-rich small lymphoid follicles
significant increase in IgG4-positive plasma cells compared with controls
See also
fever
severe systemic disease
retroperitoneal fibrosis
IgG4-expressing plasma cells
fibrotic diseases
Differential diagnosis
inflammatory pseudotumour
inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour
plasma cell granuloma
systemic fibrosis
xanthofibrogranulomatosis
multifocal fibrosclerosis
References
Kasashima S, Zen Y, Kawashima A, Konishi K, Sasaki H, Endo M, Matsumoto Y, Kawakami K, Kasashima F, Moriya M, Kimura K, Ohtake H, Nakanuma Y. Inflammatory Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Close Relationship to IgG4-related Periaortitis. Am J Surg Pathol. 2008 Feb;32(2):197-204. PMID: 18223321
Wong S, Lam WY, Wong WK, Lee KC. Hypophysitis presented as inflammatory pseudotumor in immunoglobulin G4-related systemic disease. Hum Pathol. 2007 Nov;38(11):1720-3. PMID: 17954209
Cornell LD, Chicano SL, Deshpande V, Collins AB, Selig MK, Lauwers GY, Barisoni L, Colvin RB. Pseudotumors due to IgG4 immune-complex tubulointerstitial nephritis associated with autoimmune pancreatocentric disease. Am J Surg Pathol. 2007 Oct;31(10):1586-97. PMID: 17895762
Cheuk W, Yuen HK, Chan JK.Chronic sclerosing dacryoadenitis: part of the spectrum of IgG4-related Sclerosing disease? Am J Surg Pathol. 2007 Apr;31(4):643-5. PMID: 17414116
Kojima M, Sipos B, Klapper W, Frahm O, Knuth HC, Yanagisawa A, Zamboni G, Morohoshi T, Klöppel G. Autoimmune pancreatitis: frequency, IgG4 expression, and clonality of T and B cells. Am J Surg Pathol. 2007 Apr;31(4):521-8. PMID: 17414098
Deshpande V, Chicano S, Finkelberg D, Selig MK, Mino-Kenudson M, Brugge WR, Colvin RB, Lauwers GY. Autoimmune pancreatitis: a systemic immune complex mediated disease.Am J Surg Pathol. 2006 Dec;30(12):1537-45. PMID: 17122509
Watson SJ, Jenkins DA, Bellamy CO. Nephropathy in IgG4-related systemic disease. Am J Surg Pathol. 2006 Nov;30(11):1472-7. PMID: 17063091
Cornell LD, Chicano SL, Deshpande V, Collins AB, Selig MK, Lauwers GY, Barisoni L, Colvin RB. Pseudotumors due to IgG4 Immune-Complex Tubulointerstitial Nephritis Associated With Autoimmune Pancreatocentric Disease. Am J Surg Pathol. 2007 Oct;31(10):1586-1597. PMID: 17895762
Neild GH, Rodriguez-Justo M, Wall C, Connolly JO. Hyper-IgG4 disease: report and characterisation of a new disease. BMC Med. 2006 Oct 6;4:23. PMID: 17026742
Taniguchi T, Kobayashi H, Fukui S, Ogura K, Saiga T, Okamoto M. A case of multifocal fibrosclerosis involving posterior mediastinal fibrosis, retroperitoneal fibrosis, and a left seminal vesicle with elevated serum IgG4. Hum Pathol. 2006 Sep;37(9):1237-9; PMID: 16938531
Zen Y, Sawazaki A, Miyayama S, Notsumata K, Tanaka N, Nakanuma Y. A case of retroperitoneal and mediastinal fibrosis exhibiting elevated levels of IgG4 in the absence of sclerosing pancreatitis (autoimmune pancreatitis). Hum Pathol. 2006 Feb;37(2):239-43. PMID: 16426926
Zen Y, Kitagawa S, Minato H, Kurumaya H, Katayanagi K, Masuda S, Niwa H, Fujimura M, Nakanuma Y. IgG4-positive plasma cells in inflammatory pseudotumor (plasma cell granuloma) of the lung. Hum Pathol. 2005 Jul;36(7):710-7. PMID: 16084938