Molecular groups

Articles

• histones
  16 July 2003

  histone proteins

• bile acid
  4 June 2003

  bile acids, biliary acids

• cetone bodies
  2 June 2004

  The acetyl-CoA produced by mitochondrial beta-oxidation of fatty acids enters the Kreb’s cycle to produce energy, but that is not the only fate of acetyl-CoA.
  In liver mitochondria, some acetyl-CoA is converted to acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and acetone, collectively called ketone bodies.
  Ketone bodies are transported to other tissues such as brain, muscle or heart where they are converted back to acetyl-CoA to serve as an energy source.
  The brain normally uses only glucose for (...)

• proteoglycans
  16 September 2003

  Definition: Proteoglycans are a class of glycoproteins that are heavily glycosylated. They consist of a core protein with one or more covalently attached glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chain(s). Proteoglycans are specialized glycoproteins with heterogeneous structures that are found in all connective tissues and on cell surfaces.
  These glycosaminoglycan chains (GAGs) are long, linear carbohydrate polymers that are negatively charged under physiological conditions, due to the occurrence of sulfate (...)

• CCNs
  14 July 2003

  cyclins

• STATs
  29 October 2003

  signal transducer and activator of transcription proteins

• human proteins
  4 June 2003

  Proteins are made of amino acids arranged in a linear chain and joined together by peptide bonds.
  Many proteins are the enzymes that catalyze the chemical reactions in metabolism. Other proteins have structural or mechanical functions, such as the proteins that form the cytoskeleton, a system of scaffolding that maintains the cell shape.
  Proteins are also important in cell signaling, immune responses, cell adhesion, active transport across membranes, and the cell cycle.
  Structure
  The (...)

• glycosaminoglycan
  30 July 2008

  GAGs, glydosaminoglycans, mucopolysaccharides, GAG, mucopolysaccharide

• fatty acids
  25 October 2004

  Fatty acids provide highly efficient energy storage, storing much more energy for their weight than carbohydrates like glucose.
  Fatty acids are stored as triglycerides in adipose tissue, in which each triglyceride molecule contains three fatty acids and one glycerol. Triglycerides form fatty droplets that exclude water and take up minimal space.
  Fatty acids are also more highly reduced than carbohydrates, so they provide more energy during oxidation. The efficiency of energy storage in (...)

• sarcoglycans
  7 October 2003

  Members
  alpha-sarcoglycan
  beta-sarcoglycan
  gamma-sarcoglycan
  epsilon-sarcoglycan (mutations in myoclonus-dystonia)
  Pathology (sarcoglycanopathies)
  mutations in muscular dystrophy

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