Protein superfamilies

Articles

• CDKs
  27 November 2003

  cyclin-dependent kinases, cyclin dependent kinases

• low-density lipoprotein receptor gene family
  1 December 2003

  Function
  The low-density lipoprotein receptor gene family is an evolutionarily conserved group of cell-surface receptors produced by mammals and other organisms.
  Initially thought to be endocytic receptors that mediate the uptake of lipoproteins, recent findings have shown that these receptors have other roles in a range of cellular processes.
  Among other activities, members of this family act as signal transducers in neuronal migration processes, regulate synaptic plasticity or control (...)

• EPHs
  1 December 2003

  EPHRs, ephrin receptors

• Rho GTPase-activating proteins
  30 November 2003

  RhoGAPs

• small GTPases
  30 November 2003

  small GTPases of the Ras superfamily in epithelial biogenesis
  The small GTPases of the Ras superfamily play critical roles in epithelial biogenesis. Many key morphogenetic functions occur when small GTPases act at epithelial junctions, where they mediate an increasingly complex interplay between cell-cell adhesion molecules and fundamental cellular processes, such as cytoskeletal activity, polarity and trafficking.
  Important recent advances in this field include the role of additional (...)

• INGs
  30 November 2003

  Functions
  The ING family of proteins are involved in chromatin remodelling, and bind to and affect the activity of histone acetyltransferase, histone deacetylase, and factor acetyltransferase protein complexes.
  Some family members affect transcription, including the expression of p53-inducible genes such as p21 and Bax, and ING2 induces p53 acetylation on a site implicated in the regulation of p53 activity.
  ING1 promotes DNA repair and interacts with proliferating cell nuclear antigen, (...)

• MTMRs
  30 November 2003

  The phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) and myotubularin (MTM1) represent subfamilies of protein tyrosine phosphatases whose principal physiological substrates are D3-phosphorylated inositol phospholipids. As lipid phosphatases, PTEN- and MTM1-related (MTMR) proteins dephosphorylate the products of phosphoinositide 3-kinases and antagonize downstream effectors that utilize 3-phosphoinositides as ligands for protein targeting domains or allosteric activation. (...)

• Cip/Kip proteins
  29 November 2003

  References
  Coqueret O. New roles for p21 and p27 cell-cycle inhibitors : a function for each cell compartment ? Trends Cell Biol. 2003 Feb ;13(2):65-70. PMID : #12559756#

• LAMPs
  29 November 2003

  References
  Eskelinen EL, Tanaka Y, Saftig P. At the acidic edge: emerging functions for lysosomal membrane proteins. Trends Cell Biol. 2003 Mar;13(3):137-45. PMID: #12628346#
  Saftig P, Tanaka Y, Lullmann-Rauch R, von Figura K. Disease model: LAMP-2 enlightens Danon disease. Trends Mol Med. 2001 Jan;7(1):37-9. PMID: #11427988#

• plakins
  1 December 2003

  Function
  By connecting cytoskeletal elements to each other and to junctional complexes, the plakin family of cytolinkers plays a crucial role in orchestrating cellular development and maintaining tissue integrity.
  Plakins are built from combinations of interacting domains that bind to microfilaments, microtubules, intermediate filaments, cell-adhesion molecules and members of the armadillo family.
  Members
  desmoplakins
  periplakin (MIM.602871)
  plectin (MIM.601282)
  BPAG1 (...)

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