Microscopical anomalies

Articles

• hypertrophy
  3 June 2003

  Definition: Hypertrophy refers to an increase in the size of cells, resulting in an increase in the size of the organ.
  Pathogenesis
  The hypertrophied organ has no new cells, just larger cells. The increased size of the cells is due not to cellular swelling but to the synthesis of more structural components.
  Cells capable of division may respond to stress by undergoing both hyperplasia and hypertrophy, whereas in nondividing cells (e.g., myocardial fibers), hypertrophy occurs.
  Nuclei (...)

• metaplasia
  11 July 2003

  Definition: Metaplasia is the reversible replacement of one differentiated cell type with another differentiated cell type.
  Metaplasia causes precursor cells to change their cell fate, and do not change existing differentiated cells.
  Metaplasia is reversible and usually occurs in response to chronic irritation and inflammation and allows for substitution of cells that are better able to survive under circumstances in which a more fragile cell type might succumb.
  Metaplasia is a (...)

• colonic cryptitis
  29 May 2004

  colonic glandulitis
  Etiology (Examples)
  IBDs Crohn colitis ulcerative colitis
  acute colitis infectious colitis
  See also
  colonic mucosal anomalies colonic cryptic anomalies

• bridging necrosis
  27 January 2004

  Definition: Bridging necrosis is the term given to confluent necrosis linking terminal venules to portal tracts. The term "Bridging necrosis" has been used for necrosis linking any of the vascular structures, but it is now more often restricted to the linking of terminal hepatic venules (centrilobular veins) to portal tracts (central-portal bridging necrosis).
  Bridging necrosis describes the location rather than the type of necrosis. It usually results from extensive necrosis of confluent (...)

• abscess
  9 June 2004

  abcesses
  Definition: Abscesses are localized collections of purulent inflammatory tissue caused by suppuration buried in a tissue, an organ, or a confined space. They are produced by deep seeding of pyogenic bacteria into a tissue.
  Abscesses have a central region that appears as a mass of necrotic leukocytes and tissue cells. There is usually a zone of preserved neutrophils around this necrotic focus, and outside this region vascular dilation and parenchymal and fibroblastic proliferation (...)

• intimal fibrosis
  12 March 2004

  fibrous intimal thickening, concentric intimal thickening, fibrous intimal thickening

• streak gonad
  17 January 2007

  Digital cases
  Case 271 : 46,XY Pure gonadal dysgenesis. Streak gonad.
  Synopsis
  streak gonad with fibrous tissue resembling ovarian stroma
  Etiology
  constitutional monosomy X (Turner syndrome)
  SOX9 mutations (campomelic dysplasia) [Rodriguez 1993; Meyer et al. 1997; Velagaleti et al. 2005]
  See also
  gonadal agenesis
  gonadal lesions
  gonadal lesional syndromes
  gonadal (...)

• adrenal cytomegaly
  18 January 2006

  PO
  Definition: Adrenal cytomegaly is characterized by the presence of large polyhedral cells with eosinophilic granular cytoplasm and enlarged nuclei in the adrenal cortex. Adrenal cytomegaly is found in 0.8% pediatric autopsies.
  Adrenal cytomegaly is relatively common finding within fetal cortex in newborns, particularly premature infants (3-7%) or infants with Rh incompatibility.
  Adrenal cytomegaly may be associated with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
  Focal adrenal cytomegaly can be (...)

• alveolar hyaline membranes
  12 February 2004

  Etiology
  diffuse alveolar damage (acute respiratory distress syndrom)e)
  neonatal hyalin membranes disease
  See also
  Lungs pulmonary lesions alveolar content

• hyaline globules
  14 October 2003

  Eosinophilic hyaline globules
  See also : cytoplasmic inclusions
  Images
  Eosinophilic hyaline globules in yolk sac tumors https://twitter.com/HenryTranMD/status/715457178912428032 https://twitter.com/DrAldehyde/status/893837144397053955
  intracytoplasmic hyaline globules in clear cell RCC https://twitter.com/MoravekMD/status/1093981605738225664 https://twitter.com/slusagar/status/1169309473648734213
  Etiology
  hyaline globules in diseases alpha-1-antitrypsine deficiency rete testis (...)

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