Cancer gene

Articles

• ETV6
  3 June 2004

  TEL (translocation ets leukemia)

• TP53
  30 September 2003

  P53, p53
  Definition: p53 is a nuclear phospho-protein which, in response to DNA damage, slows progression through the cell cycle and initiates apoptosis if damage is severe. The tumor suppressor gene TP53 is altered in the majority of cancers.
  p53 is required for the G1/S checkpoint and is a main component of the G2/M checkpoint. The p53 protein causes cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis. It acts mainly through p21 to cause cell-cycle arrest.
  It causes apoptosis by inducing the transcription (...)

• CHEK2
  26 September 2003

  CHK2 is an important multifunctional player in the DNA-damage response signalling pathway. Parallel studies of the human CHEK2 gene have also highlighted its role as a candidate multiorgan tumour susceptibility gene rather than a highly penetrant predisposition gene for Li-Fraumeni syndrome.
  The cell cycle checkpoint kinase CHEK2 is a protein kinase activated in response to DNA damage, is involved in cell cycle arrest. CHEK2 is the upstream regulator of p53 in the DNA-damage-signaling (...)

• FUS
  14 October 2003

  TLS, translocated in liposarcoma

• ATF1
  14 October 2003

  ATF-1

• BRCA1
  29 September 2003

  Wikipedia
  Definition: BRCA1 is a tumor suppressor that functions in controlling cell growth and maintaining genomic stability. The breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility gene BRCA1 encodes a zinc-finger protein of unknown function.
  BRCA1 is a tumour suppressor that has important roles in the protection against genomic instability.
  Cells lacking BRCA1 are hypersensitive to many DNA-damaging agents such as ultraviolet light and ionizing radiation, and show defects in both S- and (...)

• MLH1
  29 September 2003

  mismatch repair gene
  MLH is homologous to the E. coli MutL gene and is involved in DNA mismatch repair. Mutations in the MLH1 gene result in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer-2 (HNPCC2) (MIM.609310).
  Pathology
  Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) is an autosomal dominant cancer predisposition syndrome caused by inherited germ line mutations in DNA mismatch repair genes, predominantly MSH2 and MLH1.
  MLH1 loss of expression (...)

• BRCA2
  29 September 2003

  BRCA1 and BRCA2 contribute to homologous recombination and DNA repair, to embryonic proliferation, to transcriptional regulation and, for BRCA1, to ubiquitination.
  Pathology
  germline mutationso of BRCA2 in
  high risks of breast and ovarian cancer
  Fanconi syncrome (Fanconi anemia - FA)
  somatic mutations of BRCA2 in
  medulloblastoma
  References
  Rudkin TM, Foulkes WD. BRCA2: breaks, mistakes and failed separations. Trends Mol Med. 2005 Apr;11(4):145-8. PMID: #15823750# (...)

• ATM
  28 October 2003

  ataxia-telangiectasia mutated

• STK11
  29 October 2003

  XEEK1, LKB1
  Definition: STK11 (LKB1) is a serine-threonine protein kinase mutated in patients with an autosomal dominantly inherited cancer syndrome predisposing to multiple benign and malignant tumours, termed Peutz-Jeghers syndrome.
  LKB1 has been implicated as a regulator of multiple biological processes and signaling pathways, including the control of cell-cycle arrest, p53-mediated apoptosis, Wnt signaling, transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta signaling, ras-induced cell (...)

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