Macroscopical anomalies

Articles

• caseous necrosis
  16 September 2005

  Caseous necrosis is a distinctive form of coagulative necrosis, is encountered most often in foci of tuberculous infection.
  The term caseous is derived from the cheesy white gross appearance of the area of necrosis.
  On microscopic examination, the necrotic focus appears as amorphous granular debris seemingly composed of fragmented, coagulated cells and amorphous granular debris enclosed within a distinctive inflammatory border known as a granulomatous reaction. Unlike coagulative (...)

• hypertrophy
  3 June 2003

  Definition: Hypertrophy refers to an increase in the size of cells, resulting in an increase in the size of the organ.
  Pathogenesis
  The hypertrophied organ has no new cells, just larger cells. The increased size of the cells is due not to cellular swelling but to the synthesis of more structural components.
  Cells capable of division may respond to stress by undergoing both hyperplasia and hypertrophy, whereas in nondividing cells (e.g., myocardial fibers), hypertrophy occurs.
  Nuclei (...)

• polyps
  17 November 2004

  polyp. Adj. polypous, polypoid WKP
  Definition: A polyp is an abnormal growth of tissue projecting from a mucous membrane.
  If it is attached to the surface by a narrow elongated stalk, it is said to be pedunculated. If no stalk is present, it is said to be sessile.
  Polyps are commonly found in the colon, stomach, nose, ear, sinus(es), urinary bladder, and uterus.
  They may also occur elsewhere in the body where mucous membranes exist like the cervix, vocal folds, and small intestine. (...)

• salivary mucocele
  4 April 2005

  mucocele; labial mucocele
  Definition: Mucoceles and mucous retention cysts most often involve the minor salivary glands of the lower lip, buccal mucosa, and floor of the mouth.
  Mucoceles lack an epithelial lining and are therefore not true cysts.
  They are thought to result from ductal obstruction or trauma and represent accumulation and extravasation of mucus into adjacent tissues.
  Images
  salivary mucocele https://twitter.com/VishwasParekh/status/709730349677473793 (...)

• paratubal cysts
  17 June 2005

  paraovarian cysts WKP PO
  Definition: Epithelium lined fluid filled cyst adjacent to fallopian tube. PTCs originate from the mesothelium and are presumed to be remnants of the Müllerian duct and Wolffian duct.
  Paratubal cysts represent remnants of the paramesonephric or mesonephric duct, the former being more common. Most of them are asymptomatic, but they may rarely give rise to clinical problems due to enlargement or torsion.
  Paratubal cysts represent remnants of the paramesonephric (...)

• Peutz-Jeghers polyps
  14 February 2005

  Localization (by frequency)
  intestinal Peutz-Jeghers polyp jejunal Peutz-Jeghers polyp ileal Peutz-Jeghers polyp duodenal Peutz-Jeghers polyp
  colonic Peutz-Jeghers polyp
  gastric Peutz-Jeghers polyp
  Synopsis
  arborizing architecture (tree-like architecture)
  prominent branching of thick smooth muscle bundles admixed with collagen in polyp lamina propria
  epithelium mitotically active
  enterocytes (absorptive cells), goblet cells, argentaffin cells, Paneth (...)

• nodal epidermoid cyst
  24 March 2007

  See also
  epidermoid cysts

• subpleural hemorrhages
  27 May 2005

  See also
  Pleura pleural lesions pleural diseases
  Hemorrhages

• marginal insertion
  23 November 2004

  See also:
  umbilical cord insertions

• Congestion
  19 December 2005

  Definition: Congestion is a passive process resulting from impaired outflow from a tissue. It may occur systemically, as in cardiac failure, or it may be local, resulting from an isolated venous obstruction. The tissue has a blue-red color (cyanosis), particularly as worsening congestion leads to accumulation of deoxygenated hemoglobin in the affected tissues.
  Localization
  cutaneous congestion
  cerebral congestion
  visceral congestion
  renal congestion
  Exemples
  acute pulmonary (...)

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