CD10

WKP

PathologyOutlines

HGNC

PO

See also: MME

Definition: Cell membrane metallopeptidase expressed by early B, pro-B and pre-B lymphocytes, and by lymph node germinal centers.

CD10 is widely distributed in normal tissue, including brush border of small bowel mucosa.

CD10 is also expressed in neoplasms (epithelial cells and stroma). The CD10 antigen is expressed in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and follicle centre cell lymphoma.

CD10 have a positive staining in a small number of endometrial stromal sarcomas as well as in normal endometrial stroma.

Expression in normal cells

 in lymphoid cells

• Pre-B cells
• Pre-T cells; some T cells
• Follicular center (germinal center) cells
• Granulocytes

 in non-lymphoid cells

• normal and neoplastic endometrial stromal cells (

• biliary canaliculi (2144860)
• Wolffian-type epithelium and Wolffian epithelial cells
  • Mullerian-type epithelium is CD10-

• kidney
  • glomeruli (podocytes, parietal epithelial cells)
  • brush border of proximal tubules

Expression in lesions

• paratesticular cysts with benign epithelial proliferations of wolffian origin
• wolffian glandular inclusions in inguinal hernia sacs

Expression in tumors

 CD10+ lymphomas

• CD10 is found on non-T ALL cells which derive from pre-B lymphocytes and in germinal center-related non-Hodgkin lymphomas such as Burkitt lymphoma and follicular lymphoma (J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2010;32:2)
  • lymbloblastic lymphoma and lymphoblastic leukemias
  • follicular lymphoma
  • Burkitt lymphoma

• CD10 is not expressed on leukemia cells or lymphomas which originate in more mature B cells.

 CD10+ mesonephric tumors

• mesonephric adenocarcinoma of the uterine corpus (11717545)

 CD10+ endometrial stromal tumors (ESTs) / endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS)

• endometrial stromal nodule (ESN) and endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS)
• CD10 have a positive staining in a small number of endometrial stromal sarcomas as well as in normal endometrial stroma.
• CD10 is a reliable and sensitive immunohistochemical marker of normal endometrial stroma.
• Positivity, which is often strong and/or diffuse is found in endometrial stromal nodules and low-grade ESS. (11532038)
• Positive staining with CD10, when strong and diffuse, may be useful in distinguishing these tumours from histological mimics, especially cellular leiomyoma and AGCT which are generally negative.
• CD10 should be used as part of a panel which might include desmin and alpha-inhibin depending on the differential diagnosis considered.
• Positive staining with CD10 in a high-grade uterine sarcoma which is negative with muscle markers might indicate endometrial stromal differentiation and identify a group of neoplasms which it is correct to diagnose as high-grade ESS rather than undifferentiated uterine sarcoma. (11532038)

 CD10+ hepatocellular carcinoma (canalicular immunostaining) (11688465)
 CD10+ clear cell renal cell carcinoma

 CD10+ skin tumors :

• CD10+ atypical fibrous xanthoma (ATX)
• Staining patterns may differentiate basal cell carcinoma-epithelial staining, trichoblastoma-peritumoral stromal staining (Int J Dermatol 2009;48:713), squamous cell carcinoma-strong stromal staining (Iran J Med Sci 2013;38:100)
• Differentiates atypical fibroxanthoma (diffuse membranocytoplasmic staining) from spindle cell melanoma and sarcomatoid squamous cell carcinoma (CD10-, J Cutan Pathol 2010;37:744)

 CD10 in pancreas :

• CD10 confirms diagnosis of solid and pseudopapillary tumor (CD10+, Am J Surg Pathol 2000;24:1361)
• CD10 differentiates mucinous cystic neoplasms (CD10+ / CK20+) from intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of branch duct type (CD10- / CK20-, Pancreas 2009;38:558)

 CD10+/-

• SCC squamous cell carcinoma
• melanoma
• angiosarcoma
• PEComa
• not specific for spindle cell tumors

Immunochemistry in lymphomas

 Lymphomas and leukemias

• CD10 is found on non-T ALL cells which derive from pre-B lymphocytes, and in germinal center-related non-Hodgkin lymphoma such as Burkitt lymphoma and follicular lymphoma, but not on leukemia cells or lymphomas which originate in more mature B cells. (J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2010;32:2)

• Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)
  • One of the first markers to identify leukemic cells in children (hence its name)

• Burkitt’s lymphoma
  • Used to confirm the diagnosis

• Diffuse large cell lymphoma:
  • Marker for germinal center phenotype (also bcl6), which is associated with longer survival in some studies.

• Follicular lymphoma:
  • CD10+ may confirm diagnosis (Am J Clin Pathol 2002;117:291)
  • CD10+ and bcl6+ patients may have more favorable prognosis (Am J Clin Pathol 2004;121:34)
  • High grade follicular lymphomas and interfollicular infiltrates may be CD10- (Am J Clin Pathol 2001;115:862)

• Also described in mantle cell lymphoma (Am J Clin Pathol 2004;122:122), marginal zone lymphoma (J Clin Pathol 1999;52:849), other lymphomas with CD5 coexpression (Am J Clin Pathol 2003;119:218, Arch Pathol Lab Med 2001;125:951)

• Angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma
• Tumor cells are CD10+ at nodal and extranodal sites other than bone marrow (Am J Surg Pathol 2004;28:54, Hum Pathol 2005;36:784) versus CD10- for other T cell lymphomas, but benign T cells may be CD10+ (Mod Pathol 2003;16:879)

• Multiple myeloma
  • CD10+ and lack of light chain isotype suppression (suppression of normal immunoglobulins containing the light chain of the same isotype as the abnormal paraprotein) in blood lymphocytes are early markers of progressive disease (Br J Haematol 1987;67:39)

Immunochemistry in other tumors

 peripheral sheath tumors

• CD10 is useful in the assessment of peripheral sheath tumors and could give evidence that atypical myxoid and/or diffuse neurofibromas, sometimes histologically difficult to distinguish from low-grade MPNST, represent not only a histological but also an immunohistochemical continuum with MPNST.
• Neurofibromas are sporadic or associated with type 1 neurofibromatosis (NF1), with a higher risk of malignant progression.

 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) vs. non-hepatocellular carcinoma:

• CD10+ is 52-68% sensitive and > 95% specific with canalicular pattern (Am J Surg Pathol 2001;25:1297, Am J Surg Pathol 2002;26:978),
• another study recommends use of HepPar1, MOC31 and pCEA, but not CD10 (Mod Pathol 2002;15:1279)

Functions

 90-110 kDa cell membrane metallopeptidase at 3q21-27 which inactivates bioactive peptides, including bombesin.

 In epithelial cells, CD10 loss from methylation leads to increased cell migration, cell growth and cell survival, contributing to neoplastic development and progression (J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2010;32:2).

Links

 CD10 at PathologyOutlines

References

 Divergent Expression of MUC5AC, MUC6, MUC2, CD10, and CDX-2 in Dysplasia and Intramucosal Adenocarcinomas With Intestinal and Foveolar Morphology: Is This Evidence of Distinct Gastric and Intestinal Pathways to Carcinogenesis in Barrett Esophagus? Khor TS, Alfaro EE, Ooi EM, Li Y, Srivastava A, Fujita H, Park Y, Kumarasinghe MP, Lauwers GY. Am J Surg Pathol. 2012 Mar;36(3):331-342. PMID: 22261707

 Diagnostic and prognostic value of CD10 in peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Cabibi D, Zerilli M, Caradonna G, Schillaci L, Belmonte B, Rodolico V. Anticancer Res. 2009 Aug;29(8):3149-55. PMID: 19661328

 Nistal M, Gonzalez-Peramato P, Serrano A, Vega-Perez M, De Miguel MP, Regadera J. Paratesticular cysts with benign epithelial proliferations of wolffian origin. Am J Clin Pathol. 2005 Aug;124(2):245-51. PMID: 16040296

 Cerilli LA, Sotelo-Avila C, Mills SE. Glandular inclusions in inguinal hernia sacs: morphologic and immunohistochemical distinction from epididymis and vas deferens. Am J Surg Pathol. 2003 Apr;27(4):469-76. PMID: 12657931

 Cerilli LA, Sotelo-Avila C, Mills SE. Glandular inclusions in inguinal hernia sacs: morphologic and immunohistochemical distinction from epididymis and vas deferens. Am J Surg Pathol. 2003 Apr;27(4):469-76. PMID: 12657931

 Toki T, Shimizu M, Takagi Y, Ashida T, Konishi I. CD10 is a marker for normal and neoplastic endometrial stromal cells. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2002 Jan;21(1):41-7. PMID: 11781522

 Ordi J, Romagosa C, Tavassoli FA, Nogales F, Palacin A, Condom E, Torne A, Cardesa A. CD10 expression in epithelial tissues and tumors of the gynecologic tract: a useful marker in the diagnosis of mesonephric, trophoblastic, and clear cell tumors. Am J Surg Pathol. 2003 Feb;27(2):178-86. PMID: 12548163

 Ordi J, Nogales FF, Palacin A, Marquez M, Pahisa J, Vanrell JA, Cardesa A. Mesonephric adenocarcinoma of the uterine corpus: CD10 expression as evidence of mesonephric differentiation. Am J Surg Pathol. 2001 Dec;25(12):1540-5. PMID: 11717545

 CD10 is a sensitive and diagnostically useful immunohistochemical marker of normal endometrial stroma and of endometrial stromal neoplasms. McCluggage WG, Sumathi VP, Maxwell P. Histopathology. 2001 Sep;39(3):273-8. PMID: 11532038