myelofibrosis

Etiology

 primary myelofibrosis

• agnogenic myeloid metaplasia with myelofibrosis (AMMM)
• acute myelofibrosis
• acute myelofibrosis of childhood (C-AMF)
• myelofibrosis associated with myelodysplastic syndrome

 secondary myelofibrosis

• acute leukemia
  • acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL) (M7 acute leukemia)
  • acute myeloid leukemia
  • acute lymphoblastic leukemia

• chronic myelogenous leukemia
• non-Hodgkin lymphoma
• essential thrombocythemia
• Hodgkin disease (reported cases in adults only)
• Langerhans cell histiocytosis
• Sickle cell disease
• Fanconi anemia
• Infectious causes
  • Tuberculosis
  • visceral leishmaniasis
  • histoplasmosis

• Vitamin D deficiency
• renal osteodystrophy
• systemic lupus erythematosus
• Gray platelet syndrome
• osteopetrosis
• hyperparathyroidism
• hypoparathyroidism
• pernicious anemia
• Gaucher disease
• exposure to radiation
• thorium dioxide exposition
• benzene exposition

See also

 bone marrow fibrosis

Reference

 The European Consensus on grading of bone marrow fibrosis allows a better prognostication of patients with primary myelofibrosis. Gianelli U, Vener C, Bossi A, Cortinovis I, Iurlo A, Fracchiolla NS, Savi F, Moro A, Grifoni F, De Philippis C, Radice T, Bosari S, Lambertenghi Deliliers G, Cortelezzi A. Mod Pathol. 2012 May 25. PMID: 22627739