digestive pneumatosis
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Localization
intestinal pneumatosis
colonic pneumatosis
Synopsis
cryptitis
crypt abscesses
mucosal chronic inflammation
mucosal granulomas
crypt dilation
partial crypt rupture
intramucosal cysts
clusters of small gas cysts in the lamina propria.
Etiology
neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NNEC)
anaerobial bacterial enterocolitis
high intraluminal pressure
Associations
healthy children (22%)
organ and bone marrow transplant (22%)
decompensated congenital heart disease (12.5%)
gastroschisis (9%)
short bowel syndrome (6%)
most common events immediately preceding
- noninfectious colitis (32%)
- acute enteric infection or toxin (27%)
- bowel ischemia (20%)
- gastrointestinal dysmotility (17%)
- graft versus host disease colitis
See also
- hepatic pneumatosis
- cerebral pneumatosis
References
Pieterse AS, Leong AS, Rowland R. The mucosal changes and pathogenesis of pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis. Hum Pathol. 1985 Jul;16(7):683-8. PMID: 4007844