Microscopical anomalies

Articles

• metaplasia
  11 July 2003

  Definition: Metaplasia is the reversible replacement of one differentiated cell type with another differentiated cell type.
  Metaplasia causes precursor cells to change their cell fate, and do not change existing differentiated cells.
  Metaplasia is reversible and usually occurs in response to chronic irritation and inflammation and allows for substitution of cells that are better able to survive under circumstances in which a more fragile cell type might succumb.
  Metaplasia is a (...)

• bridging necrosis
  27 January 2004

  Definition: Bridging necrosis is the term given to confluent necrosis linking terminal venules to portal tracts. The term "Bridging necrosis" has been used for necrosis linking any of the vascular structures, but it is now more often restricted to the linking of terminal hepatic venules (centrilobular veins) to portal tracts (central-portal bridging necrosis).
  Bridging necrosis describes the location rather than the type of necrosis. It usually results from extensive necrosis of confluent (...)

• hypertrophy
  3 June 2003

  Definition: Hypertrophy refers to an increase in the size of cells, resulting in an increase in the size of the organ.
  Pathogenesis
  The hypertrophied organ has no new cells, just larger cells. The increased size of the cells is due not to cellular swelling but to the synthesis of more structural components.
  Cells capable of division may respond to stress by undergoing both hyperplasia and hypertrophy, whereas in nondividing cells (e.g., myocardial fibers), hypertrophy occurs.
  Nuclei (...)

• ductular reaction
  25 June 2003

  neoductular proliferation, portal ductal proliferation, ductular proliferation

• ballooned hepatocytes
  25 January 2004

  ballooning degeneration of hepatocytes, hepatocyte ballooning degeneration, hepatocyte ballooning; hepatocytic ballooning
  Etiology
  acute viral hepatitis
  giant cell hepatitis
  alcoholic hepatitis
  drug-induced hepatitis
  hepatic transplantation

• glycogenated nuclei
  28 May 2003

  Etiology:
  normal young individuals
  glycogenosis
  diabetes mellitus
  Wilson disease

• suppurative granuloma
  26 April 2004

  tuberculoid granuloma with central suppuration, suppurative tuberculoid granuloma, suppurative granuloma; suppurative epithelioid granuloma; abscess-forming granulomatous lymphadenitis
  Etiology
  chalazion
  chronic granulomatous disease (MIM.306400)
  bacterial infections cat scratch disease lymphogranuloma venereum tularemia Yersinia infection actinomycosis
  mycobacterial infection
  fungal infections blastomycosis nocardiosis
  Links
  http://granuloma.homestead.com/suppurative.html (...)

• fibrous dysplasia
  3 December 2003

  fibrous dysplasia of bones; osseous fibrous dysplasia
  Definition: Fibrous dysplasia is a skeletal developmental anomaly of the bone-forming mesenchyme that manifests as a defect in osteoblastic differentiation and maturation. Virtually any bone in the body can be affected. It is a nonhereditary disorder of unknown cause.
  Images
  Fibrous dysplasia of bone
  https://twitter.com/KUSAURAP/status/738883221824245760
  https://twitter.com/drsys02/status/857135375495688193 (...)

• streak gonad
  17 January 2007

  Digital cases
  Case 271 : 46,XY Pure gonadal dysgenesis. Streak gonad.
  Synopsis
  streak gonad with fibrous tissue resembling ovarian stroma
  Etiology
  constitutional monosomy X (Turner syndrome)
  SOX9 mutations (campomelic dysplasia) [Rodriguez 1993; Meyer et al. 1997; Velagaleti et al. 2005]
  See also
  gonadal agenesis
  gonadal lesions
  gonadal lesional syndromes
  gonadal (...)

• lipidic formation with foreign body reaction
  1 December 2004

  Etiology (exemples)
  cholesteatoma
  cholesterol granuloma thymic multilocular cyst
  See also
  foreign body reaction

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