vascular tumors

Digital cases

 UI:703 - Cutaneous glomus tumor.
 JRC:10992 : Cutaneous glomus tumor.

Classification

 vascular malformations
 benign vascular tumors

• congenital hemangiomas (RICH and NICH)
• juvenile hemangioma (infantile hemangioma)
• targetoid hemosiderotic hemangioma
• epithelioid hemangioma

 hemangioendotheliomas

• spindle cell hemangioendothelioma
• kaposiform hemangioendothelioma
• epithelioid hemangioendothelioma

 lymphatic anomalies

• lymphatic malformations
• lymphatic tumors
• lymphangioendotheliomatosis

 malignant vascular tumors

• angiosarcoma
• Kaposi sarcoma

 hemangiopericytic tumors

• infantile hemangiopericytoma

 glomus tumors

• glomangioma

According to the localization

 bone vascular tumors (osseous vascular tumors)
 cutaneous vascular tumors
 hepatic vascular tumors
 muscular vascular tumors
 soft tissue vascular tumors
 cardiac vascular tumors

Vascular tumors with lobular architecture

 lobular capillary hemangioma
 pyogenic granuloma
 infantile hemangioma
 some congenital hemangiomas (RICH and NICH)

β-Adrenergic receptor expression in vascular tumors (#22743651#)

Propranolol has recently emerged as an effective therapy for infantile hemangiomas causing regression.

The β-adrenergic receptor (AR) antagonist is thought to cause vasoconstriction by its effect on nitric oxide, block angiogenesis by its effect on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and induce apoptosis.

The expression of β2-AR (B2-AR) and its phosphorylated form (B2-ARP) have been identified in a case of infantile hemangioma that responded to propranolol treatment.

Although immunohistochemical expression of the receptors does not necessarily indicate that similar pathways of responsiveness to β-blockade are present, it does raises the possibility that β-blockade could potentially affect apoptosis and decrease responsiveness to VEGF.

See also

 cutaneous tumors
 vascular malformations

Reviews

 Vikkula M, Boon LM, Mulliken JB, Olsen BR. Molecular basis of vascular anomalies. Trends Cardiovasc Med. 1998 Oct;8(7):281-92. PMID: #14987552#

References

 β-Adrenergic receptor expression in vascular tumors. Chisholm KM, Chang KW, Truong MT, Kwok S, West RB, Heerema-McKenney AE. Mod Pathol. 2012 Jun 29. PMID: #22743651#