Human pathology

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neonatal hepatitis

Morphological synopsis:

- hepatocyte necrosis
- foci of extramedullary erythropoiesis
- cytoplasmic cholestasis
- canalicular cholestasis
- giant cell transformation of hepatocytes
- portal lymphocytary infiltrates
- lobular lymphocytary infiltrates

Etiologies

1. neonatal infectious hepatitis

- bacterial neonatal infections

- viral neonatal hepatitis

- parasitic neonatal infections (protozoan hepatitis)

2. Genetic hepatic metabolic diseases

- alpha1-anti-trypsine deficiency (PI deficiency) (MIM.107400)
- Wilson disease
- galactosemia
- fructosemia
- tyrosinemia
- mitochondrial cytopathy (oxydative phosphorylation anomalies)
- peroxisomopathies (peroxysomal diseases)

  • Zellweger syndrome
  • Refsum disease
  • dihydroxycholestanoic acidemia
  • trihydroxycholestanoic acidemia

- bile acid synthesis

  • oxysterol 7alpha hydroxylase deficiency
  • 3beta hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase deficiency
  • oxosteroid 5beta reductase deficiency

- mitochondrial mtDNA depletion (mitochondriopathies)
- Gaucher disease
- Nieman-Pick disease type C (7618476)
- indian childhood cirrhosis
- ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency

3. neonatal cholestasis

- biliary tract anomalies

- intrahepatic biliary ducts paucity
- bile acid synthesis disorders
- familial intrahepatic cholestasis

- cystic fibrosis

4. Miscellaneous

- neonatal immunohemolytic disorders
- neonatal hepatitis and neonatal steatosis
- ’idiopathic’ neonatal analysis
- neonatal hemochromatosis

See also

- childhood chronic hepatitis

Keywords