Human pathology

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chromosomal diseases

It is estimated that 50% of spontaneous abortuses during the early months of gestation have a demonstrable chromosomal abnormality; there are, in addition, numerous smaller detectable errors and many others still beyond our range of identification. About 1% of all newborn infants possess a gross chromosomal abnormality.

Types

- numerical chromosomal anomalies

  • autosomal monosomies
  • autosomal tetrasomies

- structural chromosomal anomalies

  • deletions
    • chromsome 13 deletion
    • 18q- syndrome (del18q)
    • 18p- syndrome (del18p)
    • 4p- syndrome (del4p) (Wolf-Hischhorn syndrome)
    • 5p- syndrome (del5p) (cat-cry syndrome)
    • 11p- syndrome (del11p)
    • 17p- syndrome (Miller-Dieker syndrome)
    • isodicentric 22 (22pter-q11) (Schmid-Fraccaro syndrome)
    • 21q- syndrome (del21q)
    • 22q- syndrome (del22q)

- chromosomal duplications

- chromosomal recombinaisons

  • recombinant chromsome 8 syndrome (RC8S)

- chromosomal translocations

- ring chromosomes

- gonosomal anomalies

- mosaicism